Industry 4.0 is the subset of the fourth industrial revolution[1] that concerns industry. The fourth industrial revolution encompasses areas which are not normally classified as industry, such as smart cities for instance. Although the terms industry 4.0 and fourth industrial revolution are often used interchangeably, industry 4.0 refers to the concept of factories in which machines are augmented with wireless connectivity and sensors, connected to a system that can visualise the entire production line, control, and make decisions on its own. In essence, industry 4.0 describes the trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes which include cyber-physical systems (CPS), the internet of things (IoT), industrial internet of things (IIOT), cloud computing[2][3][4][5], cognitive computing and artificial intelligence.